#2016 microsoft office tutorials how to#
#2016 microsoft office tutorials iso#

This example SQL statement reads 'Select the data that is stored in the fields named E-mail Address and Company from the table named Contacts, specifically those records in which the value of the field City is Seattle.' The following illustrates what a SQL statement for a simple select query might look like in Access: The semi-colon can appear at the end of the last clause or on a line by itself at the end of the SQL statement. However, consider using a line for each clause to help improve the readability of your SQL statements for yourself and others.Įvery SELECT statement ends with a semi-colon ( ). Top of Page Basic SQL clauses: SELECT, FROM, and WHEREĪ SQL statement takes the general form: SELECT field_1Īccess ignores line breaks in a SQL statement. The following table lists types of SQL terms.Ī name that you use to identify a database object, such as the name of a field.Ī keyword that represents an action or modifies an action.Ī value that does not change, such as a number or NULL.Ī combination of identifiers, operators, constants, and functions that evaluates to a single value. In a SQL statement that contains aggregate functions, specifies conditions that apply to fields that are summarized in the SELECT statement.Įach SQL clause is composed of terms - comparable to parts of speech. In a SQL statement that contains aggregate functions, lists fields that are not summarized in the SELECT clause. Specifies field criteria that must be met by each record to be included in the results. Lists the tables that contain the fields listed in the SELECT clause. Lists the fields that contain data of interest. The following table lists the most common SQL clauses. Some clauses are required in a SELECT statement. Each clause performs a function for the SQL statement. Like a sentence, a SQL statement has clauses. Which fields or calculations will produce the data.Ĭriteria that data must match to be included.

How data from different sources is related. A SELECT statement contains a complete description of a set of data that you want to obtain from a database. To describe a set of data by using SQL, you write a SELECT statement. For more information, see the article Create or modify tables or indexes by using a data-definition query. The part of SQL that is used for creating and altering database objects is called data-definition language (DDL). Note: SQL is not only used for manipulating data, but also for creating and altering the design of database objects, such as tables. SQL syntax is based on English syntax, and uses many of the same elements as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) syntax.įor example, a simple SQL statement that retrieves a list of last names for contacts whose first name is Mary might resemble this: SELECT Last_Name Syntax is the set of rules by which the elements of a language are correctly combined. When you use SQL, you must use the correct syntax. You use SQL to describe sets of data that can help you answer questions.

#2016 microsoft office tutorials iso#

Like many computer languages, SQL is an international standard that is recognized by standards bodies such as ISO and ANSI.

Unlike many computer languages, SQL is not difficult to read and understand, even for a novice. Relational database programs, such as Microsoft Office Access, use SQL to work with data. SQL is a computer language for working with sets of facts and the relationships between them. Working with summarized data: GROUP BY and HAVING In this articleīasic SQL clauses: SELECT, FROM, and WHERE This article describes the basic use of SQL to select data, and uses examples to illustrate SQL syntax. This is one of a set of articles about Access SQL.

#2016 microsoft office tutorials how to#

Understanding how SQL works can help you create better queries, and can make it easier for you to understand how to fix a query that is not returning the results that you want. Every query that you run uses SQL behind the scenes. SQL is a computer language that closely resembles English, but that database programs understand. When you want to retrieve data from a database, you ask for the data by using Structured Query Language, or SQL.